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@Best.Korea
health from sex depends purely on the age of the person you are having sex with
No, but it's a significant factor. Teachers especially have explicit and implicit authority over students. And even if the odds of abuse are low, the risk is big enough that it's dangerous.
indoctrinates them into feeling shame
The law does not require anyone to shame statutory rape victims. But an adult can easily shame them into having sex due to the power imbalance.
Law bans that too. 30% of sex offenders on the sex offender's list came on the list as children, some as young as 8.
It's nowhere near as strictly enforced on minors.