Morality - Is Atheism More Reasonable than Theism?

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@SkepticalOne
Would you accept spectral evidence alone to convict you of a murder you haven't committed yet? 
No, how could anyone be so stupid?A person cannot be convicted of a crime that has not been committed? 
Haha, so it does matter who makes the prophecy and who interprets it as fulfilled?
Where did I ever say that. Stop reading things into my words that I have not expounded upon. A prophet was subject to checks, as put forth in Deuteronomy 18 and elsewhere. The visions and dreams would be confirmed by the confirmation of them in history. Such is the case of Daniel 9:24-27 or the vision of Daniel 2 and the different kingdoms. They are confirmed in history. 

The sealed up vision of Daniel 9 and 12 was revealed and opened in Revelation during the time of Nero.

Again, you implicitly acknowledge your standard of evidence isn't near as strong as your pretend. IF spectral evidence were all that, how could you deny it...even if use against you?
Sure it is strong. It can be thoroughly demonstrated in the Daniel 9:24; 12:4 & 9 passages as one for instance as happening in the time of Nero and during the 1st-century. I say that my argument on that topic would be far more reasonable than yours on what evidence is available, not just on your speculation and assertions. 

Truth is the gauge by which falsehood is measured. For there to be a counterfeit there must be a real to compare the counterfeit against. Once I have the real I have the standard. 
If you determine what's real by anecdote, hearsay, and spectral evidence (which you wouldn't accept to convict you of murder), then you can't really say you know what is real and counterfeit.
Again, you are painting a picture that is not true, once again. The NT evidence does not claim to be antedotal evidence but firsthand eyewitness evidence. Not only that, you show your own bias in that you will not accept biblical writings and that reasoning, Skone. If a person who wrote the book on eyewitness evidence is converted to Christianity because of said evidence that is a pretty good standard of evidence, the same kind used in courts of law today. 

As for hearsay, is that not what you are doing here? 

I covered spectral evidence above.

It is impossible that two contrary things can be true at the same time regarding the same thing. 
It is possible for 2 contrary things to both be false.
Granted. So what? And it is also true that two contrary things cannot both be true. The line of questioning was regarding God or gods and how I know that only one could be true, if any. 

Nothing can be 'simpler' than an infinite being, amIright?!
That is not my argument. The explanation is simple. He merely spoke the universe into existence. Very simple in comparison to let's say the Big Bang.
The explanation has fewer words, but it is not simpler because it is contingent on an eternal omnipotent being. 
So what? The explanation of chance happenstance as why we are here is not simple either. It does not meet the experiential test. Of the two, the biblical explanation is more reasonable and simpler - God spoke and it was so! There is nothing reasonable about chance happenstance. Once you jettison a personal being you are left with material means alone or some mysterious non-personal non-conscious force that no one knows anything about. That begs a lot of questions. 

Also, if you're willing to admit a subjective being can be objective...then you provide all that is needed for morality without the need for a god.
I am speaking of interpretation of the Bible and in understanding others. In the case of morality I question what the objective standard you profess that excludes God. You have still to reveal that objective standard you speak of.
You weigh your actions against what you believe the Biblical god wants to objectively determine right and wrong.  This is subjective.
Not if it is outside myself and I CORRECTLY interpret that standard. Not only that, my system of thought has what is necessary for objective morality, yours only has what is necessary to enforce a preference. 

You pretend to have an objective source for morality, but you (like everyone else) have a subjective morality.
That is your subjective opinion. What makes that right or anything you say right since you have no objective standard of appeal. Why SHOULD (a moral imperative) I trust your subjective opinion since it appears that is all you have got? Your subjectiveness is what wars are fought over. 

Your system of thought does not have what is necessary for morality, other than you forcing your opinions on others if you have the means. There is nothing right about that. It is just another 'is' mascarading as an 'ought.' If you are gullible enough to accept it then there is nothing I can do to convince you since you are not using reason. If you were you would work out what is necessary for morality and why the biblical God meets that standard. 

I think you, and many people, overly complicate morality.  We only need to agree on something by which to measure our actions. Your preference is god.  Mine is well-being. 
Well-being in whose eyes? Your subjective eyes? No thank you. Show me you have a fixed standard that is objective or don't cal what you believe moral. Show me the moral best that you compare goodness to, and don't tell me it is your subjective opinions of well-being. My thoughts on well-being could be the complete opposite, and I could point you to hundreds of examples of where your standard does not meet those of others. Do you think Kim Jong Un or Xi Jiping is looking out for your well-being or that of humanity? Your system does not meet the experiential test nor the livibility test, nor the logically consistent test (A=A; Good=Good). Your standard looses the test of the law of identity, even on abortion. It was not long ago there was a different standard of law for abortion. So, that begs the question, which is right, what we have now or what we had then? Not only that, in a shifting, subjective standard, how can you ever arrive at better? Better in relation to what - relative values that are constantly changing and sometimes circle around on themselves, depending on who is in power?

Abortion bad - abortion good - abortion bad again - abortion good again. 

Your system of thought is incapable of justifying 

No. I'm saying all too often what cannot be explained by our current understanding of nature is considered supernatural or attributed to it.
Supernatural would exclude nature as an explanation. If it is not natural it must be a being - yes or no?
What? I don't see how that follows.
Explain how something that is not personal, thus conscious, can be something other than natural, mechanical, material. What do you know about this that I do not?


Or are you speaking of a force such as in Starwars? If a force lacks personhood what can it do and would that force not be considered natural too, since it owes no explanation to personhood?

I'm simply pointing out that the supernatural lays claim to an increasingly smaller slice of the cosmos as our knowledge of nature increases.
How does that answer my question? You continue to evade my questions. 

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@3RU7AL
I have already explained my reasoning with this verse. Not only that, you are dealing with the OT which is no longer in existence. 
So, OT is "off limits"?
How it is off-limits? I explained that OT passage.

But for your information, what is contained in the OT is explained in the NT very often. The Law was fulfilled in Jesus Christ. He fulfilled it for believers. The Law (which is the Law of Moses) was in fact fulfilled in Jesus Christ and can no longer be fulfilled as required by OT law. After AD 70 the sacrificial system is no longer in operation, the priesthood is no longer in operation, and the temple is no longer standing. Thus, the OT economy is obsolete. The law was instituted for Israel yet we recognize its goodness too. We show we agree with it when we do not steal, do not lie, do not murder, etc. 
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@PGA2.0
Conversion equalled freedom! [...]

Conversion is an escape from slavery and bondage just as it was in OT times. [...]

So, the principle of evangelism slavery is reasonable to believe. But even if you did find this evangelistic slavery principle hard to stomach, the principle of slavery and freedom is well demonstrated in a physical sense in the OT and in a spiritual way in the NT.  [...]

War reparations or restitution [a.k.a slavery] was a different principle, the principle of damages owed, damages paid. [...]
It should be noted you've shifted from denying Biblically condoned slavery to offering a justification for it. 


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@PGA2.0
The law was instituted for Israel yet we recognize its goodness too.
Do you agree with the Orthodox Jewish legal tradition/interpretations?
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@3RU7AL
Often the logical conclusions do not resemble your stated intention in the slightest (when you kindly take the time to elucidate).
You just said that you can't decipher my intentions. Which is it? 
Your stated intention: Discover a logically coherent non-god($) origin of moral intuition.
Moral intuition?

Logically coherent? Sure, go ahead. I don't believe you can without God, so prove me wrong.

Your pre-judice: Only "YHWH" can provide a logically coherent origin of moral intuition.
Answer what is necessary before we discuss this further. 

How do you validate the moral codec of "YHWH"?
Is it wrong to murder? No, you say. Okay, you first! 

You see, if you deny God's moral commands then life becomes unlivable. But if you reject God, a necessary being, what is the objective standard of appeal? You don't have one. It becomes a preference. How does what you like (your subjective tastes and desires) equal what is good? It doesn't and as soon as you lose or deny the 'best' that you compare morals against (as necessary) you have disagreements that contradict each other. How can you distinguish what is better without this best?  

You validate the moral codec of "YHWH" by using YOUR moral intuition.
I validate them by pointing to a standard beyond myself that is necessary because it is fixed and unchanging. Logically, that is what is necessary because the law of identity (A=A) falls to pieces if every subjective being has a different view on what is right and good. So, it is self-evident for anyone who thinks about what is necessary. A subjective standard does not meet what is necessary.  

And then you credit "YHWH" for gifting you the moral intuition you use to validate "the ten commandments".
An objective standard is sel-evident for morality. Without one how do you justify your OPINION is BETTER than that of anyone else? Are you going to force your beliefs on others? How does that make it "better."

King Hammurabi didn't know the law of "YHWH", and yet codified a set of rules more comprehensive than "the ten commandments".
The Mosaic laws feed off the Ten Commandments. There were many ANE codes in existence before Moses set the record straight, and some of the principles would be similar because they shared common cultures. But how similar is the Code of Hammurabi to the Ten Commandments or the Mosaic laws?  There are similarities and there are differences, but the question should be who or what is the starting point? 

Furthermore, since the Bible makes the point that we, as humans, are created in the image and likeness of God, we would have a consciousness that retains some of His goodness (even while denying Him), but the problem is that the moral standard is garbled by the Fall and our subjectiveness without God because we have no clear ideal we can mirror right and wrong against, just a dim reflection. So, even to an extent, Hammurabi can reflect some of the standards of God without that close personal relationship. We see that Caan knew that killing (murdering) his brother was wrong. He hid from God just as Adam did when he took the fruit of the tree of knowledge. 

Many cultures that predate Abraham have inscribed practical codes of conduct.
Lots. Can you say they claimed to be commands from God? If so, which ones. We could compare their morality to that of the Bible. 

Your explanation seems to be "YHWH" wrote a moral code on their hearts.
The law of God is written on the hearts of Christians, but the Law of Moses was a written law preserved through the ages. 

THEREFORE, "the ten commandments" is superfluous and redundant and NOT prerequisite to moral intuition.
What is written on the hearts of believers was not different from the Ten Commandments which Jesus summed up in two - love God and love your neighbour. 

Any human can detect their own moral intuition without any assistance from a book.
I would argue they are personal preference, not moral right, unless the belief reflects God's principles. 

You claim this is because "YHWH" wrote that moral code on their hearts.

This claim is unfalsifiable.
Not for those who are true believers. They understand the love of God in their outreach to others, and Jesus summed up the Ten commands in two, as laid out previously (see two statements prior to this one). Those two acts of worship sum up the whole law. 
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@PGA2.0
Show me you have a fixed standard that is objective or don't call what you believe moral.

Do you cut your hair according to Levitical law? [**]

Are you careful to not wear clothes made of mixed fibers? [**]

I'm not detecting any UNCHANGING moral guidelines in the teachings of "YHWH".
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@PGA2.0
Your stated intention: Discover a logically coherent non-god($) origin of moral intuition.
Moral intuition?

Logically coherent? Sure, go ahead. I don't believe you can without God, so prove me wrong.
The critical conceit here is your claim that you follow a universal, unchanging moral code.

The decalogue is NOT unchanging.  It is interpreted in different ways at different times.

For example, if you beat your servant and they die in LESS than three days, apparently that's "murder".

However, if you beat your servant and they die in MORE than three days, apparently that's NOT "murder".

However, if you beat a fellow citizen and they die in MORE than three days, apparently that's "murder" again.

Different rules for different people in different situations.  Not universal.  Not unchanging.

Not to mention, the decalogue is NOT original.  It cannot be the origin of morality because there are much older examples of similar codes.

Most mammals have the following (moral) instincts,

(1) PROTECT YOURSELF
(2) PROTECT YOUR FAMILY
(3) PROTECT YOUR PROPERTY

These moral instincts are universal (relative to mammals anyway) and unchanging.

These moral instincts predate the "discovery" of "YHWH" by Abraham.
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@PGA2.0
You see, if you deny God's moral commands then life becomes unlivable.
Not quite.

My breath would seem to contradict your claim.

You see, if you deny god($) moral commands then you are forced to THINK FOR YOURSELF AND NEGOTIATE WITH YOUR NEIGHBORS.
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@PGA2.0
But if you reject (or simply ignore) BRAHMAN (or NOUMENON), a necessary being, what is the objective standard of appeal?

You don't have one.
There is no such thing MORE purely OBJECTIVE than NOUMENON.

It becomes a preference.
EXACTLY LIKE YOUR PREFERENCE IN YOUR CHOICE OF GOD($).

Your "justification" of your GOD($) is de facto "justification" for your ("invisible") moral code.

(IFF) you are unable to convince someone that your moral code is universal and unchanging (THEN) your moral code is a de facto OPINION.

It becomes a preference.
Just like your preference for a particular god($).

How does what you like (your subjective tastes and desires) equal what is good?
Well, I certainly wouldn't trust you to tell me my likes and dislikes.

It doesn't and as soon as you lose or deny the 'best' that you compare morals against (as necessary) you have disagreements that contradict each other.
The decalogue doesn't resolve these disagreements.

(IFF) everyone agreed on the one-true-interpretation and practical application of the moral code of "YHWH" (THEN) we'd all be Orthodox Jews

How can you distinguish what is better without this best?  
Quite easily.

Start at the "worst" and take it one step at a time.
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@PGA2.0
A subjective standard does not meet what is necessary.
Your decalogue is indistinguishable from a (really old) personal preference or opinion.
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@SkepticalOne
Until you are able to come up with an apples to apples comparison, there is really no defense needed.
Okay, I got your meaning. Then we are comparing the applies of Christianity to the applies of atheism. Both you and I believe in morality. The question is how you validate morality as an atheist. Then, in comparing your justification with mine, which is more reasonable.

Actually, I don't think you get my meaning. Atheism isn't a moral philosophy, so your question isnt coherent - it is not a reasonable ask. 
It most definitely is. You can't reject something you know nothing of, but you can be ignorant of God. Once you reject God you have to have some understanding on what you are rejecting, as you constantly show you do. You are able to speak quite fluently on the Christian God, and I know you used to profess to be a Christian before you fell from your conviction. Once you reject God you have to build on something else to form a worldview. That is the natural realm or the unknown. And when I question you, I find that you hold ideas common to naturalism and evolutionary principles. When you deny God created, or don't think it plausible, you must think something else is reasonable, or you have no warrant in rejecting Him. Yet you think Christianity and the Bible is myth, do you not???

So, your whole system of ideas build on a different system of thinking. 

If I try to distill your question down to something meaningful, I get something along the lines of 'How do you as a non-Christian justify morality?' This strikes me as utterly tone-deaf and arrogant given:
1) most people aren't Christian.
That is a fallacious argument. (argumentum ad populum)

I am surprized you would make it. 

And most through human history have believed in God or gods. The question is which one/ones? So, they show that belief in God is reasonable to them. It is the atheist, the ignorant agnostic, that is defiant of the idea of God. They either see no evidence because of their own bias, they deny, yet are not sure, despite the evidence, or they are adamant God does not exist, or they have not thought about God or been exposed to the idea because of their isolation or naivety or mental inability. Barring the last reason, when they dismiss God they look at life from eyes that seek other reasons for things. 

You have stated and even included in your profile that you are an atheist, prior to your current identity as Pastafarian.
PS. I bookmarked some of your colleagues. Nice hats! Do you have one? Definitely a bunch of "brights!" (^8

You have been exposed to Christianity and the idea of God (which I believe every thinking and reasoning being pondered). Thus you reject Him. In doing so you have to look at life from a different persepctive. You have thought about where life comes from and you use natrualistic explanations in explaining it. With morality 

2) Christianity has been specifically used to justify things like slavery, Holy wars, etc,
So what? People do all kinds of things 'in the name of.' That does not necessarily mean they follow the teachings. 

3) what good may be recognized in its moral views come from humanistic interests which predate and can stand apart from it.
That is one way of looking at it. 

Or humanism and human beings coin biblical moral values but they cannot justify humanism as anything but subjective feelings or preference. It does not have the means.

So, ANY moral view which puts people above human interpretations of the 'will of a god' will be more reasonable in my view.
Any moral view? Human interpretations! More reasonable??? In your view!!! Wow. That is just jam packed with flaws. 

First, your view is an interpretation too, a subjective one (my view) unless you can reflect on this elusive objective standard that you have spoken of as having. It is still a mystery to me. When are you going to expose it?

Any moral view? So you like Hitler's moral view regarding the Jews! You like Apartheid South Africa's view of segregation and the South's moral view on slavery, and of course, I know you like the view that it is okay to kill innocent unborn human beings. You don't quite see them up to par with other human beings.  
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@PGA2.0
You claim this is because "YHWH" wrote that moral code on their hearts.

This claim is unfalsifiable.
Not for those who are true believers.
You don't seem to understand what "unfalsifiable" means.
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@zedvictor4
There is no difference.
This is out of the blue. I have to figure out the context. No difference in what?  

Or it would be perfect if there were no difference....But we are all different and separate from each other and act individually.
So what? What difference does it make that we are different? In relation to what?

Lumping individuals together under one of two labels, doesn't imply "behavioural" certainty..... Far from it.
I will take it you are speaking of Christianity as opposed to atheism. Either we were created or we were not? It has to be one or the other. Or do you have another option?

Acceptance of deistic hypotheses, is no guarantee of an individuals state of mind.
I'm not sure what you are getting at. My standard is not myself. It is the Bible that claims to be a revelation from the Creator. Other people's minds think so too. It is independent of my own subjective mind. 
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@PGA2.0
My standard is not myself.
Didn't you choose your standard?
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@PGA2.0
Christian beings coin biblical moral values but they cannot justify Christian morals as anything but subjective feelings or preference.
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@PGA2.0
2) Christianity has been specifically used to justify things like slavery, Holy wars, etc,
So what? People do all kinds of things 'in the name of.' That does not necessarily mean they follow the teachings. 
It's a pretty good demonstration that not all Christians agree on the practical application of Christian moral code.
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@Stephen


I mean, how the hell was he ever getting on without us before all this creating of Hell,Satan, deceiving serpents, angels, disobedient women, floods, destruction, war, murder, kings, queens, sacrifice, priests, other idols to worry about and be jealous of and not to mention the "other gods" also to be jealousy of that appear to have been "loved" instead of him.   However did he manage to occupied himself for all that time before we and this planet were even thought about and come into existence?

He did manage. God is content in Himself, in the tri-unity of Beings - Father, Son, and Holy Spirit.


 Oh stop it.
Very kind of you!

You now simply have to attempt to invent further something you that do not, and cannot,  possibly have a clue about and all   to be enable you  to embellish even further  and expand  your initial simply response reply of  " we were created to experience a relationship with Him and learn of His love for us, that we may choose to love Him".
My, that is a complex sentence!

First, I am not inventing. The biblical God is reveled as three distinct Persons. I am stating (factual) what is revealed. Next, it is reasonable to believe and prophecy is just one of many confirmations. 

And what is your reason, as per the Bible since you are discussing the biblical God, that humanity was created?

You have been caught cold with just one question and two replies from me.. 
Thanks for yet another assertion!

Genesis 1
4 God saw that the light was good

God  may well have called it "all good", but WE now know it wasn't and isn't,  don't we? 
And we know the reason why. It is disclosed. What God created as good was marred by the sin of Adam. 

The earth for instance, has and always will be an unstable planet and becomes more unstable as it moves through the solar system and  when it comes into close proximity with other planets. We know that the movements of the other planets have an adverse  effect on our own planet causing the deaths of millions.   AND SO DID those controlling  priests of old, didn't they? 
The Bible is not a science book. It does not pretend to discuss the theory or relativity or how many planets there are, just their cause. It is a stated revelation that reveals humanity's relationship with God, what went wrong, and God's solution. In it, God reveals Himself in an ever increasing degree as He interacts with a people that He chooses to make Himself known to the rest of humanity.  

Indeed it was much more simpler then in past times of ignorance and fear, when priests faced less doubt and opposition to totally control a persons daily life not to mention to enable them to extort ones hard earned earthly goods. 
All OT priests pointed to a greater reality - Jesus Christ and His sufficiency. 

Because he was bored stupid '   would have been a better reply. And just as easily been blown out of the water. 

Pure speculation without biblical evidence.

Says the man that always attempts to pass off speculation and belief as fact. Example>> 
I keep asking what is more reasonable to believe - a necessary Being - God - or your subjective mind as the be-all and end-all. 



Stephen wrote: However did he manage to occupied himself for all that time before we and this planet were even thought about and come into existence?

PGA2.0, Speculated  "without evidence" ... "God is eternally present. Time needs a start, yet God is eternal. He transcends time. Time was created with the universe and humanity. Humans comprehend time because they think as well as have a beginning". 


It is a logical deduction that is capable of making sense of our existence and has been revealed in the writings of over forty author's of who all claim to be speaking to/of and from God. These writings contain statements that claim to be God speaking that say He is without beginning or end, that He created all things, made the universe from nothing, and He knows all things. If, as is revealed, God created the physical realm that must mean that He transcends that realm because He would have to exist outside of what He creates. This biblical God often makes statements that infer He just is (i.e., when speaking to Moses He says, tell Israel, 'I Am' has sent you.)

"I Am" is the present tense. It denotes the present. God who transcends time would be always present since there would be no beginning or ending to Him, no start, no finish which is necessary for time. You cannot measure the number of days in eternity. For these and a whole slew of reasons, the biblical God is deduced as reasonable to put faith in and believe in, especially when considering the alternatives.

Make sense of the universe and your existence without God. You had a beginning. Trace the causal tree to the root cause of that beginning. Does it make sense? It does with the Christian God, but not with what an atheist who denies God or gods. What would he have to believe about the root cause. Chance happenstance (devoid of mind or intellect, thus reason) is no explanation of origins. It does not have the ability to explain the 'why' or 'how.' You can only go so far. What caused the Big Bang? How did non-living, non-conscious matter become living and conscious? What are your answers? I bet they can't make sense of your existence or the existence of the universe. Go ahead and try since you are so wise. Let me put your beliefs to the test as you have constantly done with mine in countless threads where you poke fun of Christianity. Let me see if what you believe is more reasonable. 

Let us start with morality after you answer my questions above since that is the topic of discussion and you are an atheist as far as I can ascertain (your statements reveal something of your worldview), even though you hide behind your profile, which is blank.  
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@Deb-8-a-bull
Yeah, I was just stating that a person in five religious groups must be extra morally. Extra moral.  

Do you agree?
It may be possible, but very unlikely.  His/her five different religious groups would all contradict the others. How he would glean what is right from that smorgasbord would be mysterious, a stab in the dark. There must be a unified, objective, unchanging best or ideal in which to determine morality. Nothing else works. It falls apart logically. The point that I am making is that you can live a moral life to a degree without holding to the true belief. You would just be living inconsistently with what would be necessary of you to hold true. If one religious belief said to love your neighbour and the other eat your neighbour and you chose to love your neighbour you would agree with my belief, which I assert is the true belief based on reason. Only one is true on the impossibly of the contrary. The biblical belief meets the requirements of what is necessary. It has the omniscient being part. That means that such a God would know all things. It meets the unchanging part for such a God is revealed as immutable. It meets the ideal part because from such a God no other being is greater. And it meets another test for morality. That is the requirement of personhood. Morality is a mindful thing, a thinking thing. 
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@3RU7AL
Thus, the purpose or design of foreign slavery was first a rescue mission against harsher treatment.
33 “‘When a foreigner resides among you in your land, do not mistreat them. 34 The foreigner residing among you must be treated as your native-born. Love them as yourself, for you were foreigners in Egypt. I am the Lord your God. [**]

Very nice! Good point!
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My cats and dogs are atheists and they seem pretty happy. They seem pretty moral to each other also.
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The following is from a research paper titled Moral Ape Philosophy by Jelle de Boer.
Our closest relative the chimpanzee seems to display proto-moral behavior. Some scholars emphasize the similarities between humans and chimpanzees, others some key differences. Old chimpanzee Peony shuffles towards a climbing frame in the outdoor enclosure to join several conspecifics on top, but the climbing is too difficult on this cold day. Her arthritis is acting up. Then an unrelated female moves behind her, puts both hands on Peony’s behind, and pushes her with some effort. So Peony gets where she wants to be.
In another enclosure we see Krom pulling a rubber tire with water in it, but he doesn’t seem to understand that he should first release the tire from the other six tires that hang in front of it. Then, after 10 min when Krom gives up, and walks away, Jakie approaches the tires. He removes the six tires one by one, grabs the tire Krom liked, and brings it to him, carefully, without losing water.

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@3RU7AL
Both you and I believe in morality.
Ethics, code of conduct, social contract, or the like.

The question is how you validate morality as an atheist.
The same way you do.  Moral instinct.  Moral intuition.
It is not moral instinct that I prove what is right and wrong. It is by the revelation of Another, even though we are created in His image and likeness, thus we too are moral beings. The thing is, without His revelation sin prevents us from doing what is right. We want to do what feels pleasant to us or what we desire rather than what is good. And since the Fall, we are marred with sin. Thus, we think apart from God, making up our own moral values that are way too often contrary to His standard. 

Then, in comparing your justification with mine, which is more reasonable.
How do you know "the decalogue" is valid?  Because it matches your moral intuition.
First, these principles are universal and self-evident to many, not all. More than this, what is necessary for these principles to be true. The biblical God fits the checkoff box. 

Try this on for size,

The ten yamas are:

1) ahiṁsā, “noninjury,” not harming others by thought, word or deed;
2) satya, “truthfulness,” refraining from lying and betraying promises;
3) asteya, “nonstealing,” neither stealing nor coveting nor entering into debt;
4) brahmacharya, “divine conduct,” controlling lust by remaining celibate when single, leading to faithfulness in marriage;
5) kshamā, “patience,” restraining intolerance with people and impatience with circumstances;
6) dhṛiti, “steadfastness,” overcoming nonperseverance, fear, indecision, inconstancy and changeableness;
7) dayā, “compassion,” conquering callous, cruel and insensitive feelings toward all beings;
8) ārjava, “honesty, straightforwardness,” renouncing deception and wrongdoing;
9) mitāhāra, “moderate appetite,” neither eating too much nor consuming meat, fish, fowl or eggs;
10) śaucha, “purity,” avoiding impurity in body, mind and speech.
Some of these are restated in the Ten Commandments. Others I disagree with. Finally, who is the authority who revealed them? Is such an authority almighty? If so, let's discuss that being.


The ten niyamas are:

1) hrī, “remorse,” being modest and showing shame for misdeeds;
2) santosha, “contentment,” seeking joy and serenity in life;
3) dāna, “giving,” tithing and giving generously without thought of reward;
4) āstikya, “faith,” believing firmly in God, Gods, guru and the path to enlightenment;
5) Īśvarapūjana, “worship of the Lord,” the cultivation of devotion through daily worship and meditation;
6) siddhānta śravaṇa, “scriptural listening,” studying the teachings and listening to the wise of one’s lineage;
7) mati, “cognition,” developing a spiritual will and intellect with the guru’s guidance;
8) vrata, “sacred vows,” fulfilling religious vows, rules and observances faithfully;
9) japa, “recitation,” chanting mantras daily;
10) tapas, “austerity,” performing sādhana, penance, tapas and sacrifice. [**]

More problems with this lot than the first lot. There are more logical inconsistencies there. Pick some of those gods and find out what they have in common and what they disagree on for one.

Why is this guru sufficient?

 If God is perfect and you have wronged God how will you meet such a God's requirements by what you have done. You have already missed the mark. Number 10 follows the path of all man-made religions - a system of works or merits earns favour. How can you meet the favour of a Perfect Being who is just once you have done wrong against such a being?
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@3RU7AL
I would argue I am better informed than you on the subject but I'm not sure I am an expert.
If you're claiming that you know the true will of "YHWH" based purely on the "words on the page" and furthermore that thousands of years of careful consideration by the people who actually wrote the thing down in the first place "is wrong", then you MUST BE AN EXPERT.

I am just stating that I have probably studied the Bible more than you or most on this forum have and I have pondered on its teachings for over 40 years. What I will repeat again is that there is a correct way of interpreting what someone says, get their meaning, not your own. Your own meaning does not convey what the other is thinking. To get their meaning you have to understand the context, the words, the culture and nuances if not the same as your own culture. The biblical God has made it plain that there is a correct way of interpreting what He has said. It is our task to understand it, otherwise, we have not correctly understood Him. 
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@3RU7AL
Not only that, you are dealing with the OT which is no longer in existence. 
Then why do you keep talking about "the ten commandments"?
They relate to both Testamants. We find nine of ten in the NT. The Sabbath is debatable but the principle of rest is there, IMO. 
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@3RU7AL
God permits exceptions for civil societies to function.
Where in the holy scripture does it explain under what specific circumstances "YHWH" permits exceptions?
During the transitioning between the Old Covenant and the New Covenant some questioned whether it was okay to eat particular meats. 

Another instance would be worshiping God on the Sabbath. The NT states that if one person holds one day as more holy than another then it is permissible by God. 

Therefore no one is to act as your judge in regard to food or drink or in respect to a festival or a new moon or a Sabbath day

17 things which are a mere shadow of what is to come; but the [e]substance [f]belongs to Christ.

Shadows are only a reflection of the real. Those shadows were put there by God to teach us something greater. 

things which are a mere shadow of what is to come; but the substance belongs to Christ.

who serve a copy and shadow of the heavenly things, just as Moses was warned by God when he was about to erect the tabernacle; for, “See,” He says, “that you make all things according to the pattern which was shown you on the mountain.”

One Sacrifice of Christ Is Sufficient ] For the Law, since it has only a shadow of the good things to come and not the very form of things, can never, by the same sacrifices which they offer continually year by year, make perfect those who draw near.

Luke 24:27 (NASB)
27 Then beginning [a]with Moses and [b]with all the prophets, He explained to them the things concerning Himself in all the Scriptures.

Luke 24:44-45 (NASB)
44 Now He said to them, “These are My words which I spoke to you while I was still with you, that all things which are written about Me in the Law of Moses and the Prophets and the Psalms must be fulfilled.” 45 Then He opened their [a]minds to understand the Scriptures,
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@FLRW
Then, after 10 min when Krom gives up, and walks away, Jakie approaches the tires. He removes the six tires one by one, grabs the tire Krom liked, and brings it to him, carefully, without losing water.
Great example.
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Thus, the purpose or design of foreign slavery was first a rescue mission against harsher treatment.
33 “‘When a foreigner resides among you in your land, do not mistreat them. 34 The foreigner residing among you must be treated as your native-born. Love them as yourself, for you were foreigners in Egypt. I am the Lord your God. [**]

Very nice! Good point!
Why would "YHWH" make special rules for foreign servants and then say that foreigners should be treated as native-born?
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The question is how you validate morality as an atheist.
The same way you do.  Moral instinct.  Moral intuition.
It is not moral instinct that I prove what is right and wrong. It is by the revelation of Another, even though we are created in His image and likeness, thus we too are moral beings.
How do you know the "revelation" is moral?

Like, what would you think of a "revelation" that suggested you murder your son?
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How do you know "the decalogue" is valid?  Because it matches your moral intuition.
First, these principles are universal and self-evident to many, not all.
My moral instincts are universal and self-evident to many and exist without any endorsement.

More than this, what is necessary for these principles to be true. The biblical God fits the checkoff box.
The only thing that is "necessary" for moral principles to be considered true is CONSENSUS.
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Some of these are restated in the Ten Commandments. Others I disagree with. Finally, who is the authority who revealed them? Is such an authority almighty? If so, let's discuss that being.
Yama is the Hindu god of death, king of ancestors, and final judge on the destination of souls. He is also known as the ‘Restrainer’, Pretaraja or ‘King of Ghosts’, Dharmaraja or ‘King of Justice’, and as Daksinasapati is considered the regent of the South Quarter. Yama may also be referred to simply as ‘Death’ – Antaka, Kala or Mrtyu. Due to his responsibility for good decision-making based on records of a person’s deeds, the god is particularly associated with the rule of law. Yama is also present in Iranian mythology, traditional Chinese and Japanese mythology, and elements of Buddhism. [LINK]