given the broad and seeming all encompassing definition of what is really, now a meaningless word then you could really apply it to anyone and everyone.
black skin is superior to desert regions, there for superior in that climate, fact but racist apparently.
people with blue eyes tend to be more light sensitive but can see in darker light better, racist
or is it because they are factual they aren't negative which doesn't meet the definition?
I think you are "ascribing motive" because Darwin believe in his factual, science findings and as a result formed his opinion, he believe because of TRAITS which he believe were scientific led him to his conclusions, which doesn't fit the definition. And see the definitions are backwards "
a belief that race is the primary determinant of human traits and capacities and that racial differences produce an inherent superiority of a particular race" that's not true afaik, he found his facts, made his hypothesis and applied that to the race, those traits are the primary determinant not the race itself, that race just happens to have those traits.
Racism is a negative bias or prejudice.
that's emotion, facts are science are not, facts don't care about your feelings (I love that saying, had to use it)