What would you consider to be proof?
How does proof and evidence coincide if evidence is a part of the play?
Again, proof is the totality of what is needed for one to accept a proposition. Evidence is any part that leads in that direction.
Let's go back to my example. 2am text messages is evidence of infedelity, but not proof. It's evidence because the simplest explanation for it (applying Occam's razor in isolation) is infedelity, but there are still plausible alternative explanations so I don't consider it strong enough to convince any reasonable person.
If however we add; a dick pick found in her photos, a credit card bill from a fancy restaurant (on a night she said she was working late), and a co-worker spilling the beans saying that the two have been up to something... Then while each of these would be insufficient alone to convince a reasonable person, combined it defies credulity to think it's all just a misunderstanding. So each peice alone is evidence, combined it's proof.
What are your standards for evidence for any conversation?
Occam's razor. If the simplest explanation is X, then whatever it is that requires an explanation is evidence for X.
What are your standards for the God conversation?
Same. The central problem with trying to prove a god is that things that don't exist cannot be asserted as the cause for something else, so in order for something to be a candidate explanation it has to first be shown to exist.
God arguments work in reverse of this. Take the complexity of the human body for example; god proponents argue that God is the best explanation for it, thereby claiming it evidence for his existence. But this is fallacious. His existence would need to have been proven already in order for him to be invoked as a candidate, you can't prove he exists by assuming it.
I find that every argument for a god suffers from this fundamental problem, but this is the issue with trying to prove the existence of something that is definitionally beyond our reach. It's a contradiction at the outset, so any argument built on it is doomed from the start.
