Forced integration should have not been done
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Disclaimer : Regardless of the setup for voting win or lose, The aim of this interaction, Is for those that view it, Learn and or take away anything that will amount to any constructive value ultimately. So that counts as anything that'll cause one to reconsider an idea, Understand a subject better, Help build a greater wealth of knowledge getting closer to truth. When either of us has accomplished that with any individual here, That's who the victor of the debate becomes.
When we're talking about "racial" integration or any sort of the kind, forcibly so by law was not correct.
I will expound further in the debate rounds.
For questions, clarity, concerns, please send a message or drop a comment.
- Since the 2nd half of the Twentieth century, the association of race with discredited theories of racism has contributed to race becoming increasingly seen as a pseudoscientific system of classification.
- Race does not have an inherent physical or biological meaning.
- "Genetic studies in the late 20th century refuted the existence of biogenetically distinct races, and scholars now argue that “races” are cultural interventions reflecting specific attitudes and beliefs that were imposed on different populations in the wake of western European conquests beginning in the 15th century."
- The continuance of racial concepts generally extends from the belief that humans should be ranked according to irrelevant phenotype and accorded privilege based on those rankings. Such concepts and groupings have changed over time according to folk taxonomies and political enfranchisement but 21st century scientific consensus considers such biological essentialism obsolete and discourages the use of racial concepts to describe human differences.
- Therefore, when PRO defends his position of "animosity" towards strangers based on such discredited taxonomies, we should note that such animosities are most likely founded in irrational, scientifically illegitimate prejudices.
- PRO and CON agree that FREEDOM of ASSOCIATION is vital to any healthy democracy.
- FREEDOM of ASSOCIATION "encompasses both an individual's right to join or leave groups voluntarily, the right of the group to take collective action to pursue the interests of its members, and the right of an association to accept or decline membership based on certain criteria."
- Obviously any individual's right to free association only extends to the point where that right limits the freedom of others to associate.
If you don't want me in your business establishments, schools, communities, neighborhoods, I won't waste effort on a focus to make unity .
- Striving for unity is a positive but beyond the question of unity is preserving everybody's equal right to access goods and services including the very general but publics examples you provide: business establishments, schools, communities, neighborhoods. Government services like schools in particular must provide equally free access or be guilty of enforcing unequal enfranchisement to citizens, a fundamental violation of human rights
- Most citizens in any democracy enjoy and prosper by the free exchange of differences and would not want that prosperity held back by segregated businesses, schools, communities, etc.
- particularly segregations based upon superstitious, irrational 19th century phobias and chauvinisms
- Beyond these generalizations, it is hard to offer a specific refutation of case until PRO offers at least one specific example of forced integration, what entity enforced it, why PRO opposed that integration.
- Until PRO offers evidence for examination, his case is doomed to stand unproven.
- I look forward to PRO's ROUND 2.
- https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/forced
- https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/force#English
- https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/integration
- https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/should
- https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/done
- https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/do
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burden_of_proof_(philosophy)
- https://www.britannica.com/topic/race-human
Who cares? What does it matter who enforces it?
- Hitchen's Razor: "What may be asserted without evidence, may be dismissed without evidence."
- If you are going to instigate a debate about the injustice of a particular public policy, you had better be prepared to at least demonstrate that public policy was enacted by some government. Otherwise, you could talking about Alice in Wonderland for all we can tell.
I don't think you're delusional about the existence or what has existed referred to as forced integration.
- You can have no genuine information about my mental state and are not invited to speculate. Either get specific about what you are talking about or else admit you don't know what you are talking about and concede, please.
- PRO has not objected to any of CON's definitions. CON's definitions stand for this debate.
Boy that disclaimer goes over y'all's heads.
The aim of this interaction, Is ... Learn and or take away anything that will amount to any constructive value ultimately. So that counts as anything that'll cause one to reconsider an idea, Understand a subject better, Help build a greater wealth of knowledge getting closer to truth
- How can you evaluate the truth value of your conclusion without offering any evidence or even showing your premise? That is not teaching, that is preaching. Don't just tell us your conclusion and sit back satisfied. Show us what you studied or experienced that made your conclusion seem true to you.
- PRO has dropped this argument. Let's let stand the notion that all racism is based in pseudoscience and so an illegitimate rational or moral foundation for animosity towards strangers.
- FREEDOM of ASSOCIATION "encompasses both an individual's right to join or leave groups voluntarily, the right of the group to take collective action to pursue the interests of its members, and the right of an association to accept or decline membership based on certain criteria."
Freedom of association is democracy, democracy is freedom of association. Meaning the choice of associating is democratic or voluntary.
- PRO concurs that FREEDOM of ASSOCIATION is vital to any healthy democracy.
If you don't want me in your business establishments, schools, communities, neighborhoods, I won't waste effort on a focus to make unity . Do you agree or disagree with this statement?
- I don't know what "a focus to make unity" is supposed to mean but I clearly disagreed with the rest of it.
- Notice where I said, "Obviously any individual's right to free association only extends to the point where that right limits the freedom of others to associate."
- You ignored this remark so I'll ask more directly:
- DO you agree or disagree with this statement?
- That is, do you believe that every citizen enjoys the same equal rights to freedom of association and that those rights can't be limited by your personal preferences?
- or, do you believe that some citizen's rights are superior to the rights of others, and that governments should prioritize some citizen's rights before others on the basis of race?
- In Round 1, I answered you question thus:
- "Striving for unity is a positive but beyond the question of unity is preserving everybody's equal right to access goods and services including the very general but publics examples you provide: business establishments, schools, communities, neighborhoods. Government services like schools in particular must provide equally free access or be guilty of enforcing unequal enfranchisement to citizens, a fundamental violation of human rights"
- Schools, neighborhoods, and communities are not mine and they are not your yours, they are public entities that must be managed by governments constitutionally and lawfully and in a democracy, that means equal access by all and no limitation or segregation by nonsensical standards such a race and fear of difference.
An example of forced integration is like I said with a business, the proprietor only wants to serve certain individuals. The law comes forth to change that to serve any and all individuals.
- Business establishments are a little more nuanced but there is still a material right to equal access to goods and services. You can't have a whites only Wal-Mart because that would substantially limit non-white's right to freely access goods and services, to freely associate.
- If you want to run a Whites only Klan meeting out of your mother's basement, then the freedom of non-whites to associate is not much infringed and such kind of private segregation ought to be generally permissible.
- Most citizens in any democracy enjoy and prosper by the free exchange of differences and would not want that prosperity held back by segregated businesses, schools, communities, etc.
If you disagree, would you go where you're not wanted if you had other constructive choices?
- "Constructive choices" is highly relative and situational, so much so that the law can't be expected to account for it.
- Let's take for example, a rural gas station run by white supremacists. No non-whites allowed.
- How far away does one have to be from the nearest gas station that allows non-white business to qualify as a constructive choice? 20 miles? 10miles? 1mile?
- It almost doesn't make a difference because there always be some non-white who's running on fumes who will denied a fairly important access to product. What if the non-white loses his job because he ran out of gas? What if a woman dies in labor because she ran out of gas that a whites only station refused to provide?
- There's no way to account for the needs and situations of all people wherein any public segregation is not very likely to deny the segregated their equal freedom to associate.
- If there's a modern, reasonable gas station right next door, freedom of association is not greatly harmed by such prohibition.
- But, of course, then the supremacist station is fucked either way.
- If they advertise their "whites only" policy, almost everybody including whites are going to prefer the modern, reasonable gas station for their business.
- If they don't advertise their "whites only" policy then the will run into the problem of constant enforcement, driving disgruntled and inconvenienced non-whites away from their pumps. Intervention by law enforcement and public objection will again shut the supremacist station down.
- There's no clean delineation that might protect everybody's right to free association and so most public facilities and enterprises must remain available to all.
It's hard because what I'm saying is correct and not really controversial.
- If that were true it would not be hard. You are having a hard time getting specific because segregations based upon superstitious, irrational 19th century phobias and chauvinisms are demonstrably false, ignorant, and deeply offensive imposition on our modern sense of freedom and equality for all. You don't want to give specific example because as soon we examine the specific harms, the harms inflicting by segregation profoundly outweigh the minor personal discomforts of the racists.
Don't try looking for something to refute if it's not there. The size of it all, the meat of it is basically everything that has been stated and put forth thus far. Are you saying something like this is impossible or never happened? These topics are not farfetched or out of reach. Reluctancy to associate isn't a fairy tale. Just using myself as an example, if I have to work with someone I desire not to , that is forced integration .
- Seems like PRO is desperately avoiding the statement of any concrete fact that might be falsified. This alone should serve as evidence that even PRO knows his position is indefensible.
- I'll say again: until PRO offers evidence for examination, his case is doomed to stand unproven.
- I look forward to PRO's ROUND 3.
- PRO has not objected to any of CON's definitions. CON's definitions stand for this debate.
- PRO dropped this argument
- Striving for unity is a positive but beyond the question of unity is preserving everybody's equal right to access goods and services including the very general but publics examples you provide: business establishments, schools, communities, neighborhoods. Government services like schools in particular must provide equally free access or be guilty of enforcing unequal enfranchisement to citizens, a fundamental violation of human rights
- Most citizens in any democracy enjoy and prosper by the free exchange of differences and would not want that prosperity held back by segregated businesses, schools, communities, etc.
- particularly segregations based upon superstitious, irrational 19th century phobias and chauvinisms
- PRO Dropped this argument
how forced integration happens. It happens with businesses , in the military, in sports especially in the past, speaking about those last two entities mentioned.
- MILITARY
- PRO forgets that the whole notion of democracy rose out of the comradery discovered by Greek Hoplites who had to closely synchronize their movements in order to form a fast moving, effective phalanx. The Greek's superior cohesion and morale famously powered their armies to victories over vast armies of slaves segregated by tribe and satrapy.
- An effective army formation has to be cohesive on multiple levels. If half a platoon is wiped out in an attack, a Captain needs to be able to re-assign his troops according to training and need, not irrelevant considerations like skin color. This dynamic is true on any scale. It would be unacceptable for a division to lose fighting power or cohesion just because some soldiers insisted on prioritizing their irrational antipathies.
- Would tanks lie idle in battle because there were no white drivers left to run the white only tanks?
- Would white brigades refuse a black colonels orders on the battlefield?
- Nor should taxpayers indulge the wasteful over-expenditure separate facilities according to old-fashioned superstitions.
- Far better for generals to simply advise that tiny minority of bigots who will not work with other races to defend their nation that the nation is better off without them and they should refrain from enlistment altogether.
- That's how it works now- voluntary self-segregation and deferral- which is a far different dynamic than forced integration.
- SPORTS
- Ridiculous. How would that even work? Would white spectators be forbidden from attending the far more competitive blacks only college and professional football and basketball teams?
- Would America send multiple teams to the Olympics divided according to race?
- Take the example of Muhammad Ali.
- Presently, America can take pride in the accomplishments of the Greatest Athlete of the Twentieth Century
- but if Ali had only been permitted to fight black fighters, he couldn't really make that claim.
- In truth, only nations that allowed their athletes to compete with any challenger regardless of race could make any legitimate claims of "greatest."
- Besides which, there's not much history of forced integration in athletics. The government didn't force the Dodgers to start Jackie Robinson at First Base- his talent was just too undeniable to deny spectators the joy of watching play. Generally speaking, the business of college and professional sports demands the increases in talent, competition, entertainment that come as a direct result of voluntary integration.
- Any segregated sports league would certainly fail to compete financially against any integrated sports league.
- BUSINESS
- Business establishments are a little more nuanced but there is still a material right to equal access to goods and services. You can't have a whites only Wal-Mart because that would substantially limit non-white's right to freely access goods and services, to freely associate.
- If you want to run a Whites only Klan meeting out of your mother's basement, then the freedom of non-whites to associate is not much infringed and such kind of private segregation ought to be generally permissible.
- Let's take for example, a rural gas station run by white supremacists. No non-whites allowed.
- How far away does one have to be from the nearest gas station that allows non-white business to qualify as a constructive choice? 20 miles? 10miles? 1mile?
- It almost doesn't make a difference because there always be some non-white who's running on fumes who will denied a fairly important access to product. What if the non-white loses his job because he ran out of gas? What if a woman dies in labor because she ran out of gas that a whites only station refused to provide?
- There's no way to account for the needs and situations of all people wherein any public segregation is not very likely to deny the segregated their equal freedom to associate.
- If there's a modern, reasonable gas station right next door, freedom of association is not greatly harmed by such prohibition.
- But, of course, then the supremacist station is fucked either way.
- If they advertise their "whites only" policy, almost everybody including whites are going to prefer the modern, reasonable gas station for their business.
- If they don't advertise their "whites only" policy then the will run into the problem of constant enforcement, driving disgruntled and inconvenienced non-whites away from their pumps. Intervention by law enforcement and public objection will again shut the supremacist station down.
- Generally speaking, segregation is anti-capitalist- bad for competition, bad for business. Segregated markets are less competitive than integrated markets. Certainly there were some businesses that were required to comply with integration by the the1964 Civil Rights Act but there was very little force involved from the compliance (in spite of significant violence by segregationists), and you'd be hard pressed to find a large scale business that did not profit and improve from integration.
There have been books published, films made about figures hated, misunderstood. Those that didn't want certain individuals in their military branch, didn't want to share barracks with, held animosity towards , looked down on those certain folks to play on their team, true story.
- Not much of an argument unless you want to get more specific. I can't tell if you're talking about Ty Cobb or Adolph Hitler here.
I don't know if you're familiar with sundown towns.
- I am. Certainly, no debater could argue that they support every American's Right to Free Association and not see sundown towns a racist, ignorant, violent violation of that fundamental human right.
The citizens or populations of those towns won't be ready to kill, lynch, beat to death anybody that they're willing to align with .
- No, it is the people they hate for no reason that they would kill, lynch, beat to death for the crime of being in their town.
- I look forward to PRO's R4.
- PRO forwards CON's example of a "KKK meeting held in his mother's basement." But that's not an example of forced integration by any standard, quite the opposite. I presented the example to represent voluntary self-segregation that govt sought not outlaw and as I know, most govts do not outlaw. Certainly in the US, Klan members are free to associate in a private residence without govt. interference or much danger of unwanted minorities demanding access.
- CON will ignore this example as the opposite of forced integration.
- PRO also raises the example of the Montagues and the Capulets from Shakespeare's "Romeo and Juliet". Again, no legal or societal force compelled the Montagues and the Capulets to integrate and both families applied considerable violence against the other to ensure continued segregation, actually exiling Romeo from Verona at sword's point. Neither lover contemplates any effort at integration between the families, opting instead to elope and leave their families behind forever.
- CON will ignore this example as the opposite of forced integration.
- PRO never expressed any problem with proposed definitions but he also seems really uncertain about what he means by "forced" and "integration"
Even if the law is not forcing people to integrate, by taking away segregation, those that do not want to integrate are being forced to.
- So, it is not the enforcement of integration that PRO objects to at all, but the lack of forced segregation.
- Let's note that in both of PRO's examples, the degree of unjust violence associated with forced segregation was universally condemned.
- The Tuskegee Institutes estimates 4743 lynchings by the Klan between 1882 and 1968, not including other forms of murder.
- The FBI designates Klan members as "terrorists" and states "he crimes committed in the name of its bigoted beliefs were despicable—hangings, floggings, mutilations, tarring and featherings, kidnappings, brandings by acid, along with a new intimidation tactic, cross-burnings. The Klan had become a clear threat to public safety and order."
- What PRO calls forced integration seems to involve little force or any kind of required integration. PRO seems to mind the fact that unwanted minorities now have have access to public facilities after the end of the ultra-violent forced segragation.
- If we aren't talking about governments and legal requirements to integration than I'm afraid nobody could possibly know what PRO is talking about.
"By legalizing so called interracial marriage and miscegenation, families are not being forced by the law of the land to integrate but by marriages unwanted."
- This statement rather confirms that PRO is not talking about "forced" integration at all. Interracial marriage is not required or coerced by any entity but strictly voluntary acts of love and family-making. Again, it seems that what PRO misses is the forced segregation by race that outlawed such voluntary couplings and that he's not really talking about forced integration at all.
- Race does not have an inherent physical or biological meaning.
- Therefore, when PRO defends his position of "animosity" towards strangers based on such discredited taxonomies, we should note that such animosities are most likely founded in irrational, scientifically illegitimate prejudices.
- PRO denies that he is defending his feelings of animosity, he just wants his turmoil to be respected without any kind of defense.
- "As a result of being pushed to associate with those you have animosity towards , it ignites turmoil."
- PRO drops this argument entirely.
- PRO and CON agreed that FREEDOM of ASSOCIATION is vital to any healthy democracy.
- FREEDOM of ASSOCIATION "encompasses both an individual's right to join or leave groups voluntarily, the right of the group to take collective action to pursue the interests of its members, and the right of an association to accept or decline membership based on certain criteria."
- Obviously any individual's right to free association only extends to the point where that right limits the freedom of others to associate.
- When asked point blank whether every citizens enjoys the same FREEDOM of ASSOCIATION, PRO disingenuously dodges.
- "Do you believe that every citizen enjoys the same equal rights to freedom of association and that those rights can't be limited by your personal preferences?"
- or
- "Do you believe that some citizen's rights are superior to the rights of others, and that governments should prioritize some citizen's rights before others on the basis of race?"
I don't know
- MILITARY
- PRO forgets that the whole notion of democracy rose out of the comradery discovered by Greek Hoplites who had to closely synchronize their movements in order to form a fast moving, effective phalanx. The Greek's superior cohesion and morale famously powered their armies to victories over vast armies of slaves segregated by tribe and satrapy.
- An effective army formation has to be cohesive on multiple levels. If half a platoon is wiped out in an attack, a Captain needs to be able to re-assign his troops according to training and need, not irrelevant considerations like skin color. This dynamic is true on any scale. It would be unacceptable for a division to lose fighting power or cohesion just because some soldiers insisted on prioritizing their irrational antipathies.
- Would tanks lie idle in battle because there were no white drivers left to run the white only tanks?
- Would white brigades refuse a black colonels orders on the battlefield?
- Nor should taxpayers indulge the wasteful over-expenditure separate facilities according to old-fashioned superstitions.
- Far better for generals to simply advise that tiny minority of bigots who will not work with other races to defend their nation that the nation is better off without them and they should refrain from enlistment altogether.
- That's how it works now- voluntary self-segregation and deferral- which is a far different dynamic than forced integration.
Taking you back to the military example, by allowing certain people to join with others that did not wish to bunk with those certain individuals (share the barracks) were forced to do so if not just all out refusing.When something or situation is forced on you or an attempt is made to force, it's understandable that you may reject it and that's fine .
- Not fine in most public situations. Equality, freedom of association, capitalist competition, etc is deeply harmed by PRO's demand that his unscientific bigotry be respected.
- CON demonstrated in R3 that segregation would harm military readiness, integrity, morale and the only harm has to weigh against these is the personal discomfort of the least educated, least modern thinkers in our society. The US military is increasingly a high tech environment that needs men and women who trust science, who trust the American project, who trust one another to go into combat. Let's agree that not only should the US Military never choose the greater expense and harms of accommodating the irrational discomforts of bigots but given those harms, the US Military should disqualify segregationists as incompatible the US Military's objectives.
You shouldn't have to be around people you don't want to.
- Agreed but only in private venues. PRO has no rational cause for denying other citizens' rights to equality and freedom of association based on old-fashioned unscientific antipathies of the ignorant few. PRO has a right to not be around people he doesn't want to on his personal property but that silly nonsense can't be enforced in any public venue.
- By design, PRO never allowed us to interrogate the logic or value of his criticism
- CON asks VOTERS to award CON arguments and conduct because PRO refused to present a falsifiable argument and instead played a game of "hide the thesis" for all four rounds.
- Thanks to all VOTERS for their kind consideration.
- Please VOTE CON!
- http://law2.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/shipp/lynchingsstate.html
- https://www.fbi.gov/history/famous-cases/kkk-series
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burden_of_proof_(philosophy
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_of_association
one week left, no votes