I haven't read your debates, but I assume you're probably doing the things that most kids do when they come up with arguments in support of or against particular resolutions.
The first thing you want to do is identify a well-stated resolution. So, something that is clear and simple is what should be preferred. For example, you might look at the Lincoln Douglas or Public Forum debate topics from around 2008-2017 or so. I think after then, they kind of went down-hill.
The second thing you want to do is try to learn about the topic before you go about writing an argument. After all, how could you possibly have an opinion on something if you don't know what you are talking about? Spend some time doing this. Like a minimum of at least four or five hours.
The third thing you want to do is to think about the best possible arguments for and against the resolution. So, map them out in your head or write them out. Whatever you need to do so that you can understand and talk about the issues that a debate topic raises, do that. In the course of that process, try to think about how you would support the arguments for and against the resolution with the facts you learned.
But wait! If it turns out that you're having trouble doing this, that might mean you need to do more research into the topic itself. Think of this like a lather-rinse-repeat cycle of coming to understand a topic. You're going to have to go back do doing research probably three or four times, at an absolute minimum for the simplest topics. For more complex topics, it could be ten or twelve.
Only then are you finally ready to outline and write your arguments.
By then you have all your evidence lined up and you know how they all fit together like a puzzle. And then when you write your arguments, you need to be thinking about this central question: What do I need to do in order to win this debate? So, that means (a) what is my burden of proof, (b) what is my opponent's burden of proof and (c) how do I meet my burden while preventing him from meeting his?
Each argument you make should entail your position on the resolution. So, there needs to be a direct link between the arguments you make and the resolution you're arguing about. That means that stuff that is extraneous to the resolution doesn't help you. For example, if you're debating about whether holding an impeachment trial in the senate is a constitutional undertaking, you can't cite to evidence that the senate may also be able to undertake a separate process to disqualify such president from ever holding future office, and expect that to help you win your case. The debate is about one thing, and if you're talking about something else, you're not winning. Said less abstractly, keep your eye on the ball.
This should get you going on the right track.