The only conceivable scenario of printing money that isn't theft
Well, by your standards, taxes are theft too.
Correct.
So, I am curious, how does a state exist without taxes and without printing money?
Without taxes? Fee schedules and donations.
Without printing money? Well let's me more precise:
Without minting of any kind:
1) You just have to accept deflation. (and you're still wrong about that being some kind of inevitable catastrophe)
2) You can have an algorithm that allows barter without a central currency, although getting the details of that algorithm perfect such that there are no vulnerabilities for thieves may not be feasible
Without fiat currency?
1) Mint new coins from a limited selection of rare resources which. Selecting rare and useful resources would help protect against too much "striking it rich", for instance gold is pretty useful; not as useful as the price implies but still. Tungsten is as well and probably will stay useful for a very very long time. Deal with any inflation or deflation as it comes.
2) Use a cryptocurrency with a money supply that increases with the scale of transactions and hope (it's a well informed hope) that the size of the economy scales with the number of transactions.
Where appropriate, such charitable government actions.
Unrelated to the topic, but how do you feel about printed money used as universal basic income?
Bad, well it would be a better use than now but only because it's a better way to spend money.
It's better for everyone if the government theft is not constantly throwing off prices and wages.
